Mathematics Performance of Secondary School Student

Eurasia Journal of Mathematics, Science Technology Education, 2007, 3(4), 363-370 Correlates of Academic Procrastination and Mathematics Achievement of University Undergraduate Students Mojeed Kolawole Akinsola University of Botswana, Gaborone, BOTSWANA Adedeji Tella Osun State College of Education; Ila-Orangun, NIGERIA Adeyinka Tella University of Botswana, Gaborone, BOTSWANA Received 3 November 2006; accepted 19 April 2007 Procrastination is now a common phenomenon among students particularly those at the higher level. And this is doing more harm to their academic achievement than good. Therefore, this study examined the correlates between academic procrastination and mathematics achievement among the university mathematics†¦show more content†¦This is confirmed by the observation by (Ferrari and Beck, 1998) that over 70% of college students engaged in frequent academic procrastination, most commonly with writing term papers. Procrastination is probably the single most common time management problem (Learning Common Fastfacts Series, 2004). One basic thing about procrastination is that everyone procrastinates to some extent. However, some reasons can be put forward why university students rank highly among those mostly vulnerable to procrastination (Learning Commons Fastfacts Series, 2004). The reasons according to this group are: (i) there is always a tremendous amount of work to do. Regardle ss of how much time the students spend studying, it can seem impossible to get finished; (ii) for most students, only a few hours each day are spent in class and labs. The majority of time is unstructured, and students are responsible for deciding what to do and when to do it; and (iii) in the university environment, particularly in residence, there is usually something more enjoyable to do than studying. Many activities compete for a limited number of hours in a week, and studying is often pushed to the bottom of the list. It also recognized that many mathematics students refer to the subjects as being difficult. And the (Learning Commons Fastfacts Series, 2004) have already asserts that procrastination often resultsShow MoreRelatedThe Development Of Advanced Students1622 Words   |  7 PagesContreras Lit Review The focus of my study is on the development of advanced students. I feel so much time is focused on the development of struggling learners, that we as educators lose focus on developing our most advanced students. Analyze-Write-Pair-Share-Apply is a modified version of Think-Pair-Share I use in my pre-calculus classes. My pre-calculus classes are composed of mainly 11th and 12th graders. 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Teacher educators in chargeRead MoreThe Impact of Motivation on Students Academic Achievement and Learning Outcomes in Mathematics Among Secondary School Students in Nigeria5286 Words   |  22 PagesEurasia Journal of Mathematics, Science Technology Education, 2007, 3(2), 149-156 The Impact of Motivation on Student’s Academic Achievement and Learning Outcomes in Mathematics among Secondary School Students in Nigeria Adedeji Tella Osun State College of Education, Osun State, NIGERIA Received 10 January 2007; accepted 19 April 2007 In our match towards scientific and technological advancement, we need nothing short of good performance in mathematics at all levels of schooling. In an effort

Intensive Care Unit Delirium-Free-Samples-Myassignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Effects of Educational Intervention Programmeamong ICU Nurses. Answer: Aims of study ICU nurses have deficient in knowledge about the management and assessment of delirium. The main area of concern is the effective use of delirium assessment tools. The nurses often have lacked in knowledge of the use of assessment tools to identify the occurrence of delirium. Thus training of nurses can be included for the assessment tools. The nurses should be advocated about the treatment of the delirium. The minimization of delirium is dependent on the management and effective knowledge of the nurses. Thus the aim of this study is the pivot based research study to see the assessment tools of the delirium is effectively used by the nurses. A team of expert nurses must conduct the study in the intensive care unit to get the quantitative research and identify the root cause of the problems associated with the assessment of delirium. It is known that relevance of delirium is not only due to incidence but also due to consequences. The aim of the study stratifies the future resistance f or the less occurrence of the outcome of delirium. Significance and innovation of proposed study The following research proposal is based on the quantitative study of the tools and the nurse roles in managing the conditions of delirium, This will foster learning and negative outcomes. It is a type of routine based evaluation of the treatment and assessment process of nurses regarding the management of delirium. The treatments in ICU which includes the analgesics like the morphine, meperidine, and atropine can be the cause of the collaborative effects of delirium (van den Boogaard, 2014). This evidence based study of the evaluation of the assessment tools used by the nurses is going to be used in future for the nurses to take powerful interventions for care of the delirium persons. This is about the clarification to the nurses and helps them to take early measures and detection of delirium. The right dose of sedatives should be assessed in the process of the study to prevent the outcome. The absence of norms regarding the use of restraint is conducted to make a negative contribut ion to the decision making and legal support of professionals (Boehm et al, 2017). Other problems associated are the difficulty to get an adequate restrictions in the aim to facilitate the patient motions in order to reduce the discomfort. The less use or trying not to us the sedatives can be proved to be more efficient in the prevention of delirium. Already evidence based studies have helped to find that antipsychotics like haloperidol cannot be used either for prevention or in the treatment (Christensen, 2014). Thus the research proposal is to be guided with the educational interventions and the use of the pharmacological methods for the reduction of delirium risk. The research is to find the correct dose of the sedatives that is to be used and those that are to be omitted during the treatment of the patients in ICU. The psychological effects of different drugs need to be observed through this. The discomforts like sound and noise have also contributed to the development of delirium (Hosie et al, 2015). The evaluation will also identify that the noises and lights are in control so that it does not cause discomfort to the patient. The innovation of the program is that a report is to be generated at the end of the study and should be analyzed by ANOVA based statistical approach to find the real cause of this mental disorder in ICU. Expected outcomes and implications of practice Since delirium is the main cause of the clinical problems in the hospitals that increase the days of stay of the patient in the hospital, effective measures need to be taken by the nurses. Delirium assessment is the basis behind the educational study of the nurses. The expected outcomes will be that it can give the future directions towards the reduction in the severity, duration, and outcome of the syndrome. There should be the daily practice of the assessment of the patients. The assessment tools use can be found out by the process of the study. This will be a descriptive correlational study design. The patient centered care delivery importance can also be judged in the process. The statistical difference in the significance identifies the correct implication of the practices that team of nurses will perform. The evaluation is done to check if the assessment practices are done well in the ICU. This in the future will help the nurses to take patient centered care delivery and taking strategic interventions (Kanji et al, 2016). The accurate implementation of the tools like Confusion Assessment method for ICU or the intensive care delirium screening checklist is used to decrease the delirium risk factors. The survey study daily after a shift time by the nurses reflects the concerns in the use of ABCDE bundle or the safe use of drugs like benzodiazepine (McAndrew et al, 2016). In absence of proper tool often the cases of delirium remain undetected and consequently untreated. Two of the main tools like the CAM-ICU and the ICDSC have to be accurately used in the management and detection. If there is unfavorable compliance regarding the use of the tools then delirium symptoms remain undetected (Svenningsen et al, 2014). Thus the practice of survey and routine evaluation gives the realistic view of the quality of care that the organization establishes the cure and treatment plan for the delirium. The iatrogenic risk factors in the ICU can also be assessed in the study. Separate metric data will access the environ mental conditions and the external cues like light and sound of the unit (Reade Finfer, 2014). The report in final will identify the real cause of the delirium. As it is already known the biological factors are triggered by the environmental stimuli. The link of the cumulative cause of the disorder can also be identified in the procedure. Clinical practice guideline could be made taking into account all the issues and the real cause of the effects. The analgesics and sedatives could then be recommended with correct dose and safety limits to the patients (Wassenaar, et al, 2015). Research plan- methodology, sampling, data collection The research plan is to be constructed on the basis of the survey studies and the nurse ratings to find the effects of an educational program among the nurses in ICU. The methodology in the research plan is collecting the data of the questionaries set that would address the nurses regarding the conditions and the use of the assessment tools, the dose of the medicines and the environmental factors. This will be cohort based qualitative study. Secondary data is to be collected, This is going to reflect the education and understanding of the nurses regarding delirium. The secondary data collection is considered in sampling process because it will be less expensive here. This is not going to breech the ethical issues as the investigator solely is considered responsible for the quality of data. The observations here are made through the questionnaires and survey on particular nurses of ICU (Aitken et al, 2016). The team of experts involved in the process collects the resources available o nline journals and the responses of the nurses are to be analyzed. The numerical values of Linkert-type can be used to find the results of the samples easily. Next step is the observational analysis using the favorable statistical methods. It provides the good source of information about the cause of delirium. This is the sampling process that is to be continued with the frequency counts to get the needs and the effects of evaluation. The mean counts of the populations and the length of interactions and the instruction lines are the best methods that can be adopted (Oosterhouse et al, 2016). If suppose the nurses try to identify the outcomes of a specific sedative that will be used then a case control study is to be done that will identify the statistical difference that has is affected by the use and not use the drug, The regression plot is to be made to identify the cause more minutely (Elliott, 2014). The most important focus in this methodology is considered on the correct sampl ing source. To get the best result the study has to be concentrated on a specific and facilitated group of nurses that handle the cases of delirium patients more often. The information needs to be gathered from the interviews. This can involve by studying a particular phenomena(Fick et al, 2017 ). It will aim to target the observation and analysis of the natural settings in an organization. The researcher makes the multivariant analysis to find the real cause and the causes link to the issues. After the collection of the data, there will be the examination of the data based on the above mentioned statistical analysis. Further analysis can be made by studying the required database, reports, number of people involved in the studies. This is a wide research and so it must be seen that less cost is required. The strategies considered here both will be effective and cost effective(Pandharipande et al, 2013). Ethical considerations The integrity, reliability, and validity of the survey and the research findings will depend on the adherence to the ethical principles that are to be taken. The best step here includes the ethical protection of the research participants. Here the respondents are mainly the nurses. The questions will be made in such a way that it does not breech the privacy of the organization and the patients on which they are being given the details (Brinkmann, 2014). This is a simple educational based program. The ethical principles will help determine the researchers what is wrong and what is right in conducting the study (Silverman, 2016). The principles are respecting the autonomy, decision making and the dignity of the participants. It is the minimizing the risks and maximizing the benefits. The main key ethical issues will be respecting the cultural beliefs and the individual interests. It can also be principles regarding the participation of the nurses in free will. The ethical standards in the study also should protect the anonymity and the confidentiality of the nurses and the patient's situations that are considered. The questions should be sensitive with the operation and the use of the drugs in the organization. They by any chance should not be leaked to the other organization in any way. The terms of the ethical issues are to be clearly on the documents. Study limitations The research plan is also not free from the limitations. The limitation is in the methodology that may not interpret the correct and interpreted results as required. The major factor is the lack of good resources. There could be possible limitations in the number of units of analysis and the numbers of participants that are required to get the best implementation of the educational process of nurses about delirium. If the sample size is too small then there could be a great limitation (McAndrew et al, 2016). This is because it will not be able to predict the outcome and the aim will not be satisfied. There are no such policies regarding the survey done in ICU. Therefore there could be the limitation if the written permission of authority is not taken before the research plan. There will always be the problem regarding the finding of correct and reliable data. The accurate analysis can be hampered due to this. Citing the prior research journals if not done then there could be the high est drawback (Kudchadka et al, 2014). The statistical measurements are huge then there could be problems if not taken into considerations all the terms correctly. The biased report will reflect false results. Telescoping the events sequentially otherwise there could be the chance of false predications(Nydahl et al, 2017). The exaggerations of the events are to be represented with outcomes of embellishing events. There could be limitations possible if the respondents do not freely give all the correct answers to the questions. Then there could be cultural bias due to the different cultural thoughts and believes of the respondents. Administration of research The resources that are required prior to the research are referring the online journals, articles on the websites available. This will help the researcher set the correct and accurate questions on the use of drugs, the sound and light conditions of the hospital surrounding. Some of the electronic databases that can be used are the cumulative index to nursing and allied health literature ( CINAHL), PubMed, Cochrane, Medline and clinical knowledge network. This is considered by searching with the words like delirium in intensive care units and the assessment tools. The review articles that are to be read should be from minimum 10 years source. The ethical considerations and the cultural background of the respondents are to be found out before making the interview questions. The researchers should have good knowledge of all the parts. The easy statistical tools are to be kept in mind while constructing the matrix of questions in the survey. The use of the assessment tools and the drugs in the ICU should also be taken into account and known very well before setting up the research plan. The budget should be within 1000 Australian dollars. Following is the timetable for the plan Date of final draft of research plan 7.9.2017 Date of conducting the survey 17.9.2017 The number of people to de addressed The ICU unit of cardiac department in multidisciplinary hospital and conduct the study within the time mentioned Analysis and results 27.9.2017 References Aitken, L. M., Mitchell, M., Elliott, R., Davis, C., Wetzig, K., Macfarlane, B., ... McKinley, S. (2016). Sleep and delirium in the intensive care: A prospective cohort study of nurses documentation and patients insights.Australian Critical Care,29(2), 111. Boehm, L. M., Vasilevskis, E. E., Dietrich, M. S., Wells, N., Ely, E. W., Pandharipande, P., Mion, L. C. (2017). Organizational Domains and Variation in Attitudes of Intensive Care Providers Toward the ABCDE Bundle.American Journal of Critical Care,26(3), e18-e28. Brinkmann, S. (2014). Interview. InEncyclopedia of Critical Psychology(pp. 1008-1010). Springer New York. Christensen, M. (2014). An exploratory study of staff nurses knowledge of delirium in the medical ICU: An Asian perspective.Intensive and Critical Care Nursing,30(1), 54-60. Elliott, S. R. (2014). ICU delirium: a survey into nursing and medical staff knowledge of current practices and perceived barriers towards ICU delirium in the intensive care unit.Intensive and Critical Care Nursing,30(6), 333-338. Fick, D. M., Inouye, S. K., McDermott, C., Ngo, L., Gallagher, J., McDowell, J., ... Marcantonio, E. R. (2017). PILOT STUDY OF A DELIRIUM DETECTION PROTOCOL ADMINISTERED BY AIDES, PHYSICIANS, AND REGISTERED NURSES.Innovation in Aging,1(suppl_1), 271-271. Hosie, A., Lobb, E., Agar, M., Davidson, P. M., Chye, R., Phillips, J. (2015). Nurse perceptions of the Nursing Delirium Screening Scale in two palliative care inpatient units: a focus group study.Journal of clinical nursing,24(21-22), 3276-3285. Kamdar, B. B., Niessen, T., Colantuoni, E., King, L. M., Neufeld, K. J., Bienvenu, O. J., ... Needham, D. M. (2015). Delirium transitions in the medical ICU: exploring the role of sleep quality and other factors.Critical care medicine,43(1), 135. Kanji, S., MacPhee, H., Singh, A., Johanson, C., Fairbairn, J., Lloyd, T., ... Rosenberg, E. (2016). Validation of the critical care pain observation tool in critically ill patients with delirium: a prospective cohort study.Critical care medicine,44(5), 943-947. Kudchadkar, S. R., Yaster, M., Punjabi, N. M. (2014). Sedation, sleep promotion, and delirium screening practices in the care of mechanically ventilated children: a wake-up call for the pediatric critical care community.Critical care medicine,42(7), 1592. McAndrew, N. S., Leske, J., Guttormson, J., Kelber, S. T., Moore, K., Dabrowski, S. (2016). Quiet time for mechanically ventilated patients in the medical intensive care unit.Intensive and Critical Care Nursing,35, 22-27. McAndrew, N. S., Leske, J., Guttormson, J., Kelber, S. T., Moore, K., Dabrowski, S. (2016). Quiet time for mechanically ventilated patients in the medical intensive care unit.Intensive and Critical Care Nursing,35, 22-27. Nydahl, P., Bartoszek, G., Binder, A., Paschen, L., Margraf, N. G., Witt, K., Ewers, A. (2017). Prevalence for delirium in stroke patients: A prospective controlled study.Brain and Behavior,7(8). Oosterhouse, K. J., Vincent, C., Foreman, M. D., Gruss, V. A., Corte, C., Berger, B. (2016). Intensive Care Unit Nurses Beliefs About Delirium Assessment and Management.AACN advanced critical care,27(4), 379-393. Pandharipande, P. P., Girard, T. D., Jackson, J. C., Morandi, A., Thompson, J. L., Pun, B. T., ... Moons, K. G. (2013). Long-term cognitive impairment after critical illness.New England Journal of Medicine,369(14), 1306-1316. Reade, M. C., Finfer, S. (2014). Sedation and delirium in the intensive care unit.New England Journal of Medicine,370(5), 444-454. Rosa, R. G., Tonietto, T. F., da Silva, D. B., Gutierres, F. A., Ascoli, A. M., Madeira, L. C., ... Cavalcanti, A. B. (2017). Effectiveness and Safety of an Extended ICU Visitation Model for Delirium Prevention: A Before and After Study.Critical Care Medicine. Silverman, D. (Ed.). (2016).Qualitative research. Sage. Svenningsen, H., Tnnesen, E. K., Videbech, P., Frydenberg, M., Christensen, D., Egerod, I. (2014). Intensive care deliriumeffect on memories and health?related quality of lifea follow?up study.Journal of clinical nursing,23(5-6), 634-644. van den Boogaard, M. H. W. A., Schoonhoven, L., Maseda, E., Plowright, C., Jones, C., Luetz, A., ... Donders, R. (2014). Recalibration of the delirium prediction model for ICU patients (PRE-DELIRIC): a multinational observational study.Intensive care medicine,40(3), 361-369. Wassenaar, A., van den Boogaard, M. H. W. A., van Achterberg, T., Slooter, A. J. C., Kuiper, M. A., Hoogendoorn, M. E., ... Luetz, A. (2015). Multinational development and validation of an early prediction model for delirium in ICU patients.Intensive care medicine,41(6), 1048-1056.